Fluidized Bed Incinerator FBI
Kaohsiung International Airport No.2 Refuse
Incinerator
Kaohsiung International Airport No.2 Refuse
Incinerator
LOCATION
: Kaohsiung
Taiwan
INSTALLATION :
1998
OPERATION : STILL RUNNING
CONTENT
1. Preface
2.
Technical description
3. Procedure
1. Preface
By technical speaking, Fluidized Bed Incinerator FBI is divided into two
systems:
1. Bubbling Fluidized Bed System:
a).
Shallow bed
system
b). Deep bed system
2.Circulating Fluidized Bed System:
a).
Single Solid Fluidized Bed system b). Multi-Solid Fluidized Bed
system
2. Technical description
The fluidized
bed incinerator can be divided as the bubble-type and
circulation-type in using
actually, these two application in combustion furnace for many years, but in
application on of incinerating, still take bubble-type fluidized bed
as the core and have more experience of operating in the world treatment
business at present, and there are only few
waste treatment experience of part at present in the circulation-type which for
harmful waste process system more.
The typical
fluid bed incinerator is by a hollow round tube or the square type tube inside
lining with the refractory brick (material) ,And the air distributor with the
bed material to make it up. Its structure is like Fig. 1.,
The basic design parameter of the incinerator is like form one, The stove body
equipment such as form
2,
The air-assign-board design parameter like form three.
The bed material
depends on function of the fluid bed, the incineration system bed is often used
the sour absorbent material such as the lime stone or the solid particle of
inertia, for instance sand, quartz sand, etc.,
The fluidized
gas is air used in incineration system. Bed material shall be functioned as
fully accumulation of heat, and dispersing the waste and may increase the waste
retention time during proceeding.
the fluidized
air is entering through bed bottom air-assign-board, causes the bed material and
the waste fluidized, at this moment, the bed material are taken shape good
mixing by the stirring of air, heating and drying the waste, and owing to the
abundant contact with air gets high combustion efficiency.
The waste will
produce the acid gas after burning, in order to reduce the discharge of the acid
gas. we may add the soda absorbent directly (or regards soda absorbent as the
bed material directly in the stove).
Project Design may see
Planning factor
Form 1
Fluidized bed incinerator basic design parameter
Name
|
Unit |
Value |
Remark |
Incinerator Type/Model
|
- |
- |
- |
Waste source &
characteristic |
- |
- |
- |
Waste feeding speed |
- |
- |
- |
Waste composition
analysis |
- |
- |
- |
Waste calorific
analysis |
- |
- |
- |
Designed temperature |
- |
- |
- |
Operation temperature |
- |
- |
- |
1st air speed |
- |
- |
- |
2nd air speed |
- |
- |
- |
Excessive air ratio |
- |
- |
- |
Static bed height |
- |
- |
- |
Fluid
medium / size / granule distributed |
- |
- |
- |
ambient air nature |
- |
- |
- |
Regulation & standard |
- |
- |
- |
Auxiliary fuel |
- |
- |
- |
Gas outlet
temperature |
- |
- |
- |
heat recycle |
- |
- |
- |
Bed pressure drop |
- |
- |
- |
Distributor pressure
drop |
- |
- |
- |
Decrement
of burning |
- |
- |
- |
Bellows
type |
- |
- |
- |
Bed heat-load |
- |
- |
- |
Feeding-type |
- |
- |
- |
Ash discharge-type |
- |
- |
- |
Form 2
Body of the stove
Name |
Unit |
Value |
Remark |
Conditions of feeding operation |
- |
- |
- |
Bed
inner diameter |
- |
- |
- |
Bed height |
- |
- |
- |
Transition zone
Height |
- |
- |
- |
Transition zone
expanding angle |
- |
- |
- |
Freeboard zone
inner diameter |
- |
- |
- |
Freeboard zone
height |
- |
- |
- |
Outer cover material |
- |
- |
- |
Outer cover thick |
- |
- |
- |
Bed firebricks |
- |
- |
- |
Transition zone firebricks |
- |
- |
- |
Freeboard zone firebricks |
- |
- |
- |
Roof firebricks |
- |
- |
- |
Surround( body) insulating refractory |
- |
- |
- |
Surround( roof)
insulating refractory |
- |
- |
- |
Roof
ceramic fibre |
- |
- |
- |
Outer
cover paint |
- |
- |
- |
Bellows
material |
- |
- |
- |
Fire-resistant material of bellows |
- |
- |
- |
Form 3
The air distributor board design parameter
Name |
Unit |
Value |
Remark |
Board form |
- |
- |
- |
fluidized bed inner diameter |
- |
- |
- |
1st air amount |
- |
- |
- |
1si air temperature |
- |
- |
- |
Board
effective area |
- |
- |
- |
Zozzle
outer diameter |
- |
- |
- |
Nozzle
pitch |
- |
- |
- |
Nozzle
sum |
- |
- |
- |
Nozzle
array |
- |
- |
- |
Hole Diameter |
- |
- |
- |
Hole sum |
- |
- |
- |
Hole air speed |
- |
- |
- |
Concentric circles radius |
- |
- |
- |
Hole
pressure drop |
- |
- |
- |
Hole ratio |
- |
- |
- |
Hole width |
- |
- |
- |
Hole height |
- |
- |
- |
Mortars
thickness |
- |
- |
- |
Board pressure drop |
- |
- |
- |
Bed
granule diameter |
- |
- |
- |
Bed material |
- |
- |
- |
Static bed height |
- |
- |
- |
3. Procedure
Probe
into bubble-type fluidized
bed incinerator as the target. Now we're talking about the
bubble-type fluidized bed, C&C is willing to share the
experiences (if you're interested in) with you about our business achievement of
Kaohsiung International Airport FBI System.
Kaohsiung International Airport No.2 Refuse
Incinerator
P&ID shown as follows:
Kaohsiung International Airport FBI System
including:
(1) Feeding system (2)
Ash screen system (3) Fluidized
bed incinerator stove body
(4)
Quencher & Heat exchanger
(5) Bag Filter &
Exhaust system
(6) Fuel system
(7) Desulphurization device
(8) Instrument & electrol system
(1)
Feeding system
This system
includes a set of screw conveying device and a set of single axle pump
device. The screw conveying
device
including the mud dumper, storage tank,
the screw conveying device, and
frequency converter panel to transport the
higher content firm shape
waste.
High
liquid
content mud offal keep conveying trough Storage Tank, the agitator, the single axle pump,
and control panel of frequency conversion.
Barreled muds
can be conveyed into
same incinerator feeding inlet
by means of 2 sets of
two-way electronic hoist engine of slide rail , picture shows
Feeding system
sketch map.
(2)
Ash screen system
(3) Fluidized bed incinerator stove body
(4) Quencher & Heat exchanger
(5) Bag Filter & Exhaust system
(6) Fuel system
(7) Desulphurization device
(8) Instrument & electrol system
Detailed
information may see IES
CONCLUSION
We may see Fluidized Bed Incineration system
how to work in the front discussions; Sludge, the waste has been dumped into
storage tank, and conveying into furnace by feeding conveyor. Blower it blowing
the air into Heat Exchanger via bellows and air distributor to Sand bed, and the
flowing air cause the sand violent mixing ,normally at this time, the operation
temperature is 600-800℃;
The organic compound of
the
waste, sludge, contaminator and auxiliary fuel proceed oxidization reaction
under the high temperature circumstance. the rest of volatility compound and
material which is not yet oxidized completely shall be reacted under 850
℃ at freeboard zone. then discharge the gas smoke to Cyclone and separate larger
granule, then smoke via heat exchanger and lower the temperature. After that,
smoke via spraying tower cooling by spraying water to
lower the temperature again, and de-acid de-dust, and finally exhausted by
induced fan to chimney, to the air.
Advantages:
(1)Gas
state and solid state material is mixing completely by violent turbulence of
flowing air.
(2)Stove
temperature is well mixed and even, avoid
hot
spot been happening.
(3)Proceeding
by lower temperature incinerating and low demand of excess air, System
gains low NOX discharging and reducing auxiliary fuel.
(4)Identity
of
high accumulation of heat, stove
temperature won't be dropped sharply if high moisture contain material is
entering into.
(5)Lower
after treatment (passing through De-acid process, gain low nitrides, low oxides
)
(6)Low
operation problem, low maintenance cost. (none removable kits in side stove)
(7)High
efficiency combustion, high heat exothermic rate per unit volume.
Shortcomings:
(1)There
is limitation of feeding
material, huge material must be crashed first.
(2)Complicated
Hi-tec Control system, not easy to operate.
(3)
Not fit for waste treatment as low fusing
point, high alkali metal contain material.
(4)High
dust in exhaust.
(5)Easy
to be jammed by ash at discharging system and feeding system.
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